As an epoch-making aircraft in human history, the X-1 test aircraft is not only because its speed exceeds the speed of sound, but also because it is the first aircraft designed and manufactured solely for test purposes in the world. The original idea of X-1 came from the problems encountered in the field of aircraft design in the late 1930s. The wind tunnel built at that time could not meet the requirements of collecting all kinds of parameters of aircraft under subsonic and supersonic flight conditions. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a special flight test aircraft.Bell X-1 is a rocket engine powered aircraft with good control performance and high design strength. Its pilot is also skilled in technology. Bell aircraft has successfully used M1 or beyond M1 for many times, which has aroused people's interest in supersonic flight research and opened a new page of aviation flight.