Type
Main battle tank
Place of origin
Russia
Service history
In service
From 1992 (T-90)
From 2004 (T-90A)
From 2016 (T-90M)
From 2017 (T-90MS)
Used by
See Operators
Wars
War of Dagestan[a]
Syrian Civil War
War in Donbas
2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict[1][2]
2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
Production history
Designer
Kartsev-Venediktov
Manufacturer
Uralvagonzavod, Heavy Vehicles Factory
Unit cost
USD 2.5 million in 1999,[3] USD 2.77 – 4.25 million in 2011 (varies by source)[4]
T-90SM: USD 4.5 Million in 2016
Produced
1992–present
No. built
8,500+
1,000 units of T-90S built in India under license
6,200+ Units of T-90 Series in Storage (source: Kremlin News)[citation needed]
100 units of T-90S delivered to Egypt
200+ delivered to other countries
Specifications
Mass
46 tonnes (45 long tons; 51 short tons) (T-90)
46.5 tonnes (45.8 long tons; 51.3 short tons) (T-90A)
48 tonnes (47 long tons; 53 short tons) (T-90SM)[5]
Length
9.63 m (31 ft 7 in) 6.86 m (22 ft 6 in) (hull)
Width
3.78 m (12 ft 5 in)
Height
2.22 m (7 ft 3 in)
Crew
3
Armor
Steel-composite-reactive blend APFSDS: 550 mm + 250–280 mm with Kontakt-5 = 800–830 mm HEAT: 650–850 mm + 500–700 mm with Kontakt-5 = 1,150–1,550 mm[6][7]
Main

armament
2A46M 125 mm smoothbore gun with 43 rounds (T-90)
2A46M-2 125 mm smoothbore gun with 42 rounds (T-90A)
2A46M-5 125 mm smoothbore gun with 43 rounds (T-90M)
Secondary
armament
12.7mm Kord Heavy machine gun, 7.62mm PKMT
Engine
V-84MS 12-cyl. diesel (T-90)
V-92S2 12-cyl. diesel (T-90A)
V-92S2F
840 hp (617 kW) for V-84MS 12-cyl. diesel engine
1000 hp (736 kW) for V-92S2 12-cyl. diesel engine
1130 hp (831 kW) for V-92S2F (T-90 and T-90MS)
Power/weight
18.2 hp/tonne (13.3 kW/tonne) (T-90)
21.5hp/tonne (15 kW/tonne) (T-90A)
Suspension
Torsion bar
Operational
range
550 km (340 mi) (without fuel drums)
Maximum speed
60 km/h (37 mph)[8] (T-90A and T-90MS)