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A310-300 ( S7 Airlines flight 778)

13.7k AeroflotBilibili  1.4 years ago
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Auto Credit Based on GalacticaAsia's A310-300[GE]

About S7 Airlines flight 778:

On its last flight on July 8, 2006, the Airbus A310 F-OGYP was released with six defects as per minimum equipment list (MEL), including the deactivated state of the left engine thrust reverser. The previous two flights had been carried out with a deactivated right engine thrust reverser.
On July 9, Sibir flight 778 departed Domodeovo (DME) at night for a flight to Irkutsk (IKT). Weather at Irkutsk was poor. It was raining, overcast clouds at 600 feet and a thunderstorm in the area. At 07:38 the co-pilot reported the completion of the final leg at 850 m, whereupon he received instructions to contact Irkutsk tower. The Irkutsk tower controller cleared the crew for an approach to runway 30. Descent to the final approach leg was carried out using the airplane captain's navigational display in VOR mode, and that of the co-pilot in ILS mode, to control the airplane's position relative to the course using indications from the localizer beacon. At 07:40:18 the co-pilot reported: "Sibir 7-7-8 descending, landing gear down, ready for landing", whereupon he received the controller's clearance to land. At 07:43:13, 1500 meters short of the runway threshold and at a height of 105 m, the crew disengaged auto-pilot no. 1, and switched off the auto-throttle 2 seconds afterwards.
After breaking through the clouds, the captain obtained visual contact with the runway. He made a small elevator deflection to pitch down, which led momentarily to an increase in vertical speed and activation (at 07:43:30, at 30 m), of the "SINK RATE" ground proximity warning. At 07:43:40 the captain landed the airplane at a speed of 244 kph (132 knots) at a distance of about 200-300 meters from the runway threshold. Immediately after touchdown, with the spoiler handle armed, all spoiler sections were automatically released. 1.5 seconds after touchdown the reverse thrust lever of the right engine was moved to idle by the captain, and 3 seconds after that, after the reverser doors were in their working position, switched to maximum reverse thrust. Engine reverse thrust then started to increase. In violation of SOP?s, the co-pilot did not call out the completion of reverser door movement to the working position (Rev Green). The crew did not activate the reverse thrust lever for the left engine. Afterwards the captain began to shift the reverse thrust lever of the right engine to reduce reverse thrust. Simultaneously with moving the reverse thrust lever of the right engine, the FDR records a change in position of the thrust control lever of the left engine, which in 3 steps, over 16 seconds, increased from 36.6° (idle) to 59° (~60% of the full rated takeoff thrust). The direction and periods of movement of the reverse thrust lever of engine no. 2 to reduce the reverse thrust and the thrust control lever of engine no. 1 to increase forward thrust coincided.
Because of the movement of the thrust control lever to a position greater than 10°, the spoilers retracted automatically. Retraction of the spoilers led to the deactivation of the automatic braking mode. At this time the speed was about 180 kph (98 knots) and, on account of the large asymmetry of engine thrust, the airplane started to turn to the right, which the airplane captain counteracted by depressing the left pedal and forcibly applying the brakes. The speed stabilized at 98 knots. At 07:44:21 the crew (most probably the co-pilot) tried once again to deploy the thrust reverser on the right engine, for which he moved the reverse thrust lever of the engine over to maximum reverse thrust but, per design, the location of the thrust control lever for the left engine in a mode higher than 55° prevented the operation, and the thrust reverser doors failed to unlock. The right engine remained at idle forward thrust. After this attempt to deploy the thrust reverser, the airplane started to swerve to the left. The crew attempted to correct this movement and the airplane started to drift to the right.
The right main bogie exited the runway at a speed of 98 knots, and the nose landing gear and the left main bogie moved along the reinforced concrete portion of the runway. The nose landing gear and the left main bogie exited on to the ground at the end of the reinforced concrete runway at 07:44:36. The airplane traveled over clay soil with a grassy cover. At a distance of 210 m from the threshold of runway 12, the left engine destroyed part of the antenna and the wooden fence of the localizer beacon system. At a distance of 250 m from the threshold of runway 12, the airplane crossed an asphalt bypass road. The airplane stopped at 07:44:40 after colliding with a reinforced concrete airport perimeter fence and with brick structures (garages) behind it. The airplane broke apart during the collision and burst into flames.

CONCLUSION: "The cause of Sibir A-310 F-OGYP accident was the erroneous and uncontrolled actions by the crew during rollout after landing in a configuration with one engine reverser deactivated. After touchdown, the Captain, while acting on the reverse thrust lever of the right engine, inadvertently and uncontrollably moved the throttle lever for the left engine, whose thrust reverser was deactivated, from the "idle" to the significant forward thrust position. Inadequate monitoring and call-outs of airplane speed and engine parameters by the Co-pilot made it impossible for the crew to perform the necessary actions, either by moving the left throttle back to idle or shutting down the engines. The crew had enough time to recognize the situation.
The airplane went off the runway at the high speed of ~180 km/h, hit the concrete fence and buildings, crashed and caught fire. 125 people died as a result of the accident."

Spotlights

General Characteristics

  • Predecessor A310-300[GE]
  • Created On iOS
  • Wingspan 144.0ft (43.9m)
  • Length 155.2ft (47.3m)
  • Height 57.4ft (17.5m)
  • Empty Weight N/A
  • Loaded Weight 87,352lbs (39,622kg)

Performance

  • Power/Weight Ratio 1.31
  • Horse Power/Weight Ratio 0.034
  • Wing Loading 26.4lbs/ft2 (128.8kg/m2)
  • Wing Area 3,311.1ft2 (307.6m2)
  • Drag Points 18493

Parts

  • Number of Parts 443
  • Control Surfaces 9
  • Performance Cost 3,002
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    在2006年7月8日的最后一次飞行中,空客A310 F-OGYP根据最低设备清单(MEL)发布了六个缺陷,包括左侧发动机推力反向器的停用状态。前两次飞行是使用停用的右发动机推力反向器进行的。
    7月9日,西比尔778航班夜间离开多莫杰奥沃(DME),飞往伊尔库茨克(IKT)。伊尔库茨克的天气很差。当时正在下雨,600英尺处阴云密布,该地区有雷暴。07:38,副驾驶报告在850米处完成了最后一段,随后他接到了联系伊尔库茨克塔的指示。伊尔库茨克塔台管制员允许机组人员接近30号跑道。下降到最终进近段是在VOR模式下使用飞机机长的导航显示器进行的,在ILS模式下使用副驾驶的导航显示器进行,以使用定位器信标的指示控制飞机相对于航线的位置。在07:40:18,副驾驶报告:“Sibir 7-7-8下降,起落架向下,准备着陆”,然后他收到了管制员的着陆许可。07:43:13,在距离跑道门槛1500米、高度105米处,机组人员脱离了1号自动驾驶仪,并在2秒后关闭了自动油门。
    冲破云层后,机长获得了与跑道的视觉接触。他做了一个小的电梯偏转俯仰,这暂时导致垂直速度增加和激活(在07:43:30,在30米处),“下沉率”地面接近警告。07:43:40,机长以244公里/小时(132节)的速度降落飞机,距离跑道门槛约200-300米。着陆后,在扰流板手柄布防的情况下,所有扰流板部分都会自动释放。触地后 1.5 秒,右发动机的反向推力杆由船长移至怠速,3 秒后,在反向门处于工作位置后,切换到最大反向推力。然后发动机反向推力开始增加。违反SOP,副驾驶没有将反向门运动完成到工作位置(Rev Green)。机组人员没有激活左侧发动机的反向推力杆。之后,船长开始移动右发动机的反向推力杆以减少反向推力。在移动右发动机的反向推力杆的同时,FDR 记录了左发动机推力控制杆的位置变化,在 3 个步骤中,在 16 秒内从 36.6°(怠速)增加到 59°(~60% 全额定起飞推力)。2号发动机的反向推力杆减小反向推力和1号发动机的推力控制杆增加前进推力的方向和运动周期一致。
    由于推力控制杆移动到大于 10° 的位置,扰流板会自动缩回。扰流板的缩回导致自动制动模式停用。此时速度约为180公里/小时(98节),由于发动机推力的巨大不对称性,飞机开始向右转,机长通过踩下左踏板并强行刹车来抵消。速度稳定在 98 节。在07:44:21,机组人员(很可能是副驾驶)再次尝试在右侧发动机上部署反推力器,为此他将发动机的反向推力杆移动到最大反向推力,但根据设计,左侧发动机的推力控制杆的位置高于55°的模式阻止了操作, 推力反转门未能解锁。右侧发动机保持怠速向前推力。在尝试部署推力反向器之后,飞机开始向左转弯。机组人员试图纠正这一运动,飞机开始向右漂移。
    右侧主转向架以98节的速度离开跑道,前起落架和左侧主转向架沿着跑道的钢筋混凝土部分移动。前起落架和左主转向架于07:44:36在钢筋混凝土跑道尽头退出地面。飞机在粘土上飞行,覆盖着草。在距离 210 跑道门槛 12 m 处,左侧发动机摧毁了部分天线和定位器信标系统的木栅栏。在距离 250 号跑道门槛 12 m 处,飞机越过了沥青旁路。飞机在与钢筋混凝土机场周边围栏和后面的砖结构(车库)相撞后于07:44:40停下。飞机在碰撞中破裂并起火。
    原因:西伯利亚航空 A-310 F-OGYP事故的原因是机组人员在着陆后推出时的错误和不受控制的行动,其中一个发动机反向器失效。着陆后,机长在操作右发的反向推力杆时,不经意地将左发的油门杆从“怠速”位置移动到了重要的向前推力位置,而左发的反向推力器是不工作的。副驾驶对飞机速度和发动机参数的监控和呼叫不充分,使得机组无法采取必要的措施,无论是将左油门移回怠速还是关闭发动机。机组人员有足够的时间认识到这种情况。
    飞机以180公里/小时的高速冲出跑道,撞上水泥围栏和建筑物,坠毁并起火。事故造成125人死亡。“

    Pinned 1.4 years ago
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    @AeroflotBilibili imagine ACI will add the S7 airlines crash and called it "DEADLY ERROR"

    1.4 years ago
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    You have learned the essence of ACI @HoshimachiSuiseiMyBeloved

    1.4 years ago
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    Deadly error

    1.4 years ago
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    @IndoMaja That's okay, You can use upvote as a substitute for it

    1.4 years ago
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    1,568 IndoMaja

    I can no longer spotlight 🥲

    1.4 years ago