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Saab 340(SOL flight 5428)

13.7k AeroflotBilibili  1.4 years ago
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Auto Credit Based on AverageFedExMD11's Saab 340B KLM Cityhopper (PH-KSH) [First Remake]

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(ACI screenshot: SOL flight 5428 before takeoff)

A Saab 340A passenger plane, registered LV-CEJ, was destroyed when it crashed 20 km north of Prahuaniyeu, Argentina. The 19 passengers and three crew members on board did not survive the accident.
The airplane operated on SOL Líneas Aéreas flight 5428 from Córdoba (COR) to Mendoza (MDZ), Neuquén (NQN) and Comodoro Rivadavia (CRD). The flight departed Neuquén at 20:05 for the final leg of the flight. The aircraft climbed to FL190. After flying for 24 minutes, the pilot levelled the aircraft at 17800 ft, and remained at this level for approximately 9 minutes.
When flying at FL179, the aircraft began to pick up ice. The copilot radioed air traffic control for permission to descent. The flight was then cleared down to FL140. However, while descending the crew members commented on the growing ice accretion on the wind shield and wings. By the time the aircraft had reached FL140, the icing conditions were severe. The aircraft flew for approximately two minutes with a straight and level flight attitude, increasing the accumulation of ice.
The airspeed dropped until the airplane stalled. The pilots attempted to regain control of the plane, but failed. The airplane impacted terrain and burned.

Cause:
During a commercial, domestic passenger flight, while cruising, the crew lost control of the aircraft, which uncontrollably impacted the ground due to severe ice formation caused by the following factors:

Entering an area with icing conditions without adequately monitoring the warning signals from the external environment (temperature, cloudiness, precipitation and ice accumulation) or the internal (speed, angle of attack), which allowed for prolonged operations in icing conditions to take place.
Receiving a forecast for slight icing - given that the aircraft encountered sever icing conditions - which led to a lack of understanding regarding the specific meteorological danger.
Inadequately evaluating the risks, which led to mitigating measures such as adequate briefing (distribution of tasks in the cockpit, review of the de-icing systems, limitations, use of power, use of autopilot, diversion strategy etc.) not being adopted.
Levels of stress increasing, due to operations not having the expected effects, which led the crew to lose focus on other issues.
Icing conditions that surpassed the aircraft's ice protection systems, which were certified for the aircraft (FAR 25 Appendix C).
Inadequate use of speed, by maintaining the speed close to stall speed during flight in icing conditions.
Inadequate use of the autopilot, by not selecting the IAS mode when flying in icing conditions.
Partially carrying out the procedures established in the Flight Manual and the Operations Manual, when entering into areas with severe icing conditions.
Realizing late that the aircraft had started to stall, because the buffeting that foretells a stall was confused with the vibrations that signify ice contamination on the propellers.
Activation of the Stick Shaker and Stall Warning at a lower speed than expected in icing conditions.
Using a stall recovery technique which prioritized the reduction of the angle of attack at the expense of altitude loss, and which was inappropriate for the flight conditions.
The aileron flight controls reacting in an unusual manner when the aircraft lost control, probably due to the accumulation of ice in the surfaces of these, which made it impossible for the aircraft to recover.
The increasingly stressful situation of the crew, which affected its operational decision-making

General Characteristics

Performance

  • Power/Weight Ratio 0.662
  • Horse Power/Weight Ratio 0.147
  • Wing Loading 97.0lbs/ft2 (473.7kg/m2)
  • Wing Area 262.1ft2 (24.3m2)
  • Drag Points 7988

Parts

  • Number of Parts 428
  • Control Surfaces 9
  • Performance Cost 1,968
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    一架注册为LV-CEJ的Saab 340A型客机在阿根廷Prahuaniyeu以北20公里处坠毁。飞机上的19名乘客和3名机组人员在事故中丧生。
    这架飞机是SOL Líneas Aéreas公司从科尔多瓦飞往门多萨(MDZ)、内乌肯(NQN)和科莫多罗·里瓦达维亚(CRD)的第5428号航班。该航班于20:05离开内乌肯,开始最后一段航程。飞机爬升到FL190。飞行24分钟后,飞行员将飞机拉平到17800英尺,并在这个高度保持大约9分钟。
    在FL179飞行时,飞机开始结冰。副驾驶用无线电向空中交通管制请求降落。该航班然后被许可下降到FL140。然而,在下降时,机组人员评论了挡风玻璃和机翼上不断增长的冰。当飞机到达飞行高度140时,结冰条件非常严重。飞机以直线水平飞行姿态飞行了大约两分钟,增加了冰的积累。
    空速下降,直到飞机失速。飞行员试图重新控制飞机,但失败了。飞机撞上地形后燃烧了。原因:
    在一次商业国内客运飞行中,在巡航时,机组人员失去了对飞机的控制,由于以下因素导致严重结冰,飞机失控撞击地面:

    在没有充分监控来自外部环境(温度、云量、降水和积冰)或内部环境(速度、迎角)的警告信号的情况下,进入有结冰条件的区域,这使得在结冰条件下长时间运行成为可能。
    收到轻微结冰的预报——假设飞机遇到严重结冰条件——这导致对特定气象危险缺乏了解。
    风险评估不充分,导致采取缓解措施,如充分的简报(驾驶舱内的任务分配、除冰系统的审查、限制、动力的使用、自动驾驶仪的使用、改航策略等)。)没有被收养。
    由于操作没有达到预期效果,压力水平不断增加,这导致工作人员无法专注于其他问题。
    超过飞机防冰系统的结冰条件,该系统已经过飞机认证(FAR 25附录C)。
    速度利用不足,在结冰条件下飞行时保持速度接近失速速度。
    自动驾驶仪使用不当,在结冰条件下飞行时没有选择IAS方式。
    当进入严重结冰区域时,部分执行飞行手册和操作手册中建立的程序。
    后来意识到飞机已经开始失速,因为预示失速的抖振与表明螺旋桨上有冰污染的振动混淆了。
    在结冰条件下,以低于预期的速度启动操纵杆抖动器和失速警告。
    使用失速改出技术,该技术以高度损失为代价优先减小迎角,并且不适合飞行条件。
    当飞机失去控制时,副翼飞行控制装置反应异常,可能是由于这些表面结冰,使飞机无法恢复。
    船员的压力越来越大,这影响了其作战决策

    Pinned 1.4 years ago