Combustion, or burning,[1] is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction between a fuel (the reductant) and an oxidant, usually atmospheric oxygen, that produces oxidized, often gaseous products, in a mixture termed as smoke. Combustion does not always result in fire, because a flame is only visible when substances undergoing combustion vapourise, but when it does, a flame is a characteristic indicator of the reaction. While the activation energy must be overcome to initiate combustion (e.g., using a lit match to light a fire), the heat from a flame may provide enough energy to make the reaction self-sustaining. Combustion is often a complicated sequence of elementary radical reactions. Solid fuels, such as wood and coal, first undergo endothermic pyrolysis to produce gaseous fuels whose combustion then supplies the heat required to produce more of them. Combustion is often hot enough that incandescent light in the form of either glowing or a flame is produced. A simple example can be seen in the combustion of hydrogen and oxygen into water vapor, a reaction commonly used to fuel rocket engines. This reaction releases 242 kJ/mol of heat and reduces the enthalpy accordingly (at constant temperature and pressure):
2H
2(g) + O
2(g) → 2H
2O(g)
Combustion of an organic fuel in air is always exothermic because the double bond in O2 is much weaker than other double bonds or pairs of single bonds, and therefore the formation of the stronger bonds in the combustion products CO
2 and H
2O results in the release of energy.[2] The bond energies in the fuel play only a minor role, since they are similar to those in the combustion products; e.g., the sum of the bond energies of CH4 is nearly the same as that of CO
2. The heat of combustion is approximately −418 kJ per mole of O2 used up in the combustion reaction, and can be estimated from the elemental composition of the fuel.[2]
Uncatalyzed combustion in air requires relatively high temperatures. Complete combustion is stoichiometric concerning the fuel, where there is no remaining fuel, and ideally, no residual oxidant. Thermodynamically, the chemical equilibrium of combustion in air is overwhelmingly on the side of the products. However, complete combustion is almost impossible to achieve, since the chemical equilibrium is not necessarily reached, or may contain unburnt products such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen and even carbon (soot or ash). Thus, the produced smoke is usually toxic and contains unburn
The first screenshot made me think it was an actual car on the track!
This is one amazing build Its one of my favourite cars and you have done a fantastic job on this. Great build.
A doughnut or donut (IPA: /doʊnət/) is a type of leavened fried dough.[1]: 275 It is popular in many countries and is prepared in various forms as a sweet snack that can be homemade or purchased in bakeries, supermarkets, food stalls, and franchised specialty vendors. 'Doughnut' is the traditional spelling, whilst 'donut' is the simplified version. The two terms are often used interchangeably in the English language.
Doughnuts are usually deep fried from a flour dough, but other types of batters can also be used. Various toppings and flavorings are used for different types, such as sugar, chocolate, or maple glazing. Doughnuts may also include water, leavening, eggs, milk, sugar, oil, shortening, and natural or artificial flavors.[1]: 232 [2][3][4][5]
The two most common types are the ring doughnut and the filled doughnut, which is injected with fruit preserves, cream, custard, or other sweet fillings. Alternatively, small pieces of dough are sometimes cooked as doughnut holes. Once fried, doughnuts may be glazed with a sugar icing, spread with icing or chocolate on top, or topped with powdered sugar, cinnamon, sprinkles or fruit. Other shapes include rings, balls, flattened spheres, twists, and other forms.[4][5][6] Doughnut varieties are also divided into cake (including the old-fashioned) and yeast-risen type doughnuts.[6][7][8] Doughnuts are often accompanied by coffee, but can also be paired with milk. They are sold at doughnut shops, convenience stores, petrol/gas stations, cafes or fast food restaurants.
There’s where my spicy carrot went
+18Paint without the ‘t’
+15MFD
+15I think they might re-use some stuff from SR2 and basically re-haul SP into a modern SP.
+14Just become a developer at this point lol.
+14I don’t want to have a nice day.
+14Summer doesn’t exist in Britain
+14It’s never gunna give you up and never gunna let you down
+13Combustion, or burning,[1] is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction between a fuel (the reductant) and an oxidant, usually atmospheric oxygen, that produces oxidized, often gaseous products, in a mixture termed as smoke. Combustion does not always result in fire, because a flame is only visible when substances undergoing combustion vapourise, but when it does, a flame is a characteristic indicator of the reaction. While the activation energy must be overcome to initiate combustion (e.g., using a lit match to light a fire), the heat from a flame may provide enough energy to make the reaction self-sustaining. Combustion is often a complicated sequence of elementary radical reactions. Solid fuels, such as wood and coal, first undergo endothermic pyrolysis to produce gaseous fuels whose combustion then supplies the heat required to produce more of them. Combustion is often hot enough that incandescent light in the form of either glowing or a flame is produced. A simple example can be seen in the combustion of hydrogen and oxygen into water vapor, a reaction commonly used to fuel rocket engines. This reaction releases 242 kJ/mol of heat and reduces the enthalpy accordingly (at constant temperature and pressure):
2H
2(g) + O
2(g) → 2H
2O(g)
Combustion of an organic fuel in air is always exothermic because the double bond in O2 is much weaker than other double bonds or pairs of single bonds, and therefore the formation of the stronger bonds in the combustion products CO
2 and H
2O results in the release of energy.[2] The bond energies in the fuel play only a minor role, since they are similar to those in the combustion products; e.g., the sum of the bond energies of CH4 is nearly the same as that of CO
2. The heat of combustion is approximately −418 kJ per mole of O2 used up in the combustion reaction, and can be estimated from the elemental composition of the fuel.[2]
Uncatalyzed combustion in air requires relatively high temperatures. Complete combustion is stoichiometric concerning the fuel, where there is no remaining fuel, and ideally, no residual oxidant. Thermodynamically, the chemical equilibrium of combustion in air is overwhelmingly on the side of the products. However, complete combustion is almost impossible to achieve, since the chemical equilibrium is not necessarily reached, or may contain unburnt products such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen and even carbon (soot or ash). Thus, the produced smoke is usually toxic and contains unburn
+13No need
+12This is amazing
+11u got a nasa super computer?
+11One problem being time zones lol
+9Cheeseburger.
+9The first screenshot made me think it was an actual car on the track!
+9This is one amazing build Its one of my favourite cars and you have done a fantastic job on this. Great build.
Ok so first Theres Dave
+9When an earthquake hits England
+9That’s not a bug that’s how saving stuff works.
+8Mods don’t work on iOS
+8I vote yes
+8pmurT
+8According to the 2013 song “What does the fox say” a fox either says one of 2 things
+7"Wa-pa-pa-pa-pa-pa-pow” or "Fraka-kaka-kaka-kaka-kow”
No
+7“1. Is this true”
+7it’s literally a forum someone asking if the rumours were true or not lol
It was cool to see how it progressed in discord.
+7_/=[]><
+7±§Œ„‰ÂÊÁËÈØ∏”’ÅÍÎÏÌÓÔÒÚÆ»ŸÛÙÇ◊ıˆ˜¯˘¿œ∑´®†¥¨^øπ“‘åß∂ƒ©˙∆˚¬…æ«Ω≈ç√∫~µ≤≥÷¡€#¢∞§¶•ªº–≠⁄™‹›fifl‡°·‚—±Dog
+7Bandicam lives on
+7Spvr
+6A doughnut or donut (IPA: /doʊnət/) is a type of leavened fried dough.[1]: 275 It is popular in many countries and is prepared in various forms as a sweet snack that can be homemade or purchased in bakeries, supermarkets, food stalls, and franchised specialty vendors. 'Doughnut' is the traditional spelling, whilst 'donut' is the simplified version. The two terms are often used interchangeably in the English language.
Doughnuts are usually deep fried from a flour dough, but other types of batters can also be used. Various toppings and flavorings are used for different types, such as sugar, chocolate, or maple glazing. Doughnuts may also include water, leavening, eggs, milk, sugar, oil, shortening, and natural or artificial flavors.[1]: 232 [2][3][4][5]
The two most common types are the ring doughnut and the filled doughnut, which is injected with fruit preserves, cream, custard, or other sweet fillings. Alternatively, small pieces of dough are sometimes cooked as doughnut holes. Once fried, doughnuts may be glazed with a sugar icing, spread with icing or chocolate on top, or topped with powdered sugar, cinnamon, sprinkles or fruit. Other shapes include rings, balls, flattened spheres, twists, and other forms.[4][5][6] Doughnut varieties are also divided into cake (including the old-fashioned) and yeast-risen type doughnuts.[6][7][8] Doughnuts are often accompanied by coffee, but can also be paired with milk. They are sold at doughnut shops, convenience stores, petrol/gas stations, cafes or fast food restaurants.
+6So sad :((((((((( @SodiumIodide
+6Stinky
+6Me and darth are here before the rest of you, you noobs.
+6Dude it’s clearly a Dog .
+6Now Samsung smart fridge compatible
+6I’m eating porridge but i heated it for the wrong time
+6Numbers hurt brain
+6B̧̡̧̨̡̢̨̡̢̧̨̡̧̨̢̢̢̢̡̨̧̢̡̡̨̢̨̧̡̨̢̢̡̨̡̡̢̨̡̢̡̨̢̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛͍̰̣̺͓̖̻̞͓̻̦̭̪̱̠͙̜̘̙̖̬̫̙͈̻̬̜͚̙̗̘͎̩͕̲̮̰͔͙̝̞̝̜͕͕̮̝̮̙͔̜͔̩͎̝̘̜͎̗̙̟̰̣͚͓̭̻̙̜̙̦͈̗̮̹̜̜͙͔͓͚͉̬͙͚͈̩͖͉͎̻̥̰̼̹̳̥̙̻͓͖̼͉̱̺̘̲̫̺̬̗̦̤̜̤͎͉̲̠̯̣̹̙͉͔̖̩͙̫̬̺̥͉̩͈͓̖̭̰͚̠̮͙͉̳̩̝͓̳͈̦̯͎̰̠̬̭̩͚̥̞̗̮̺̫̼̠̘̮̻̟͉̰͇̰̳͚̠͚̦̥̦̮͔͙̣͎̪̹͍͕̱̪͈̜͉̮̞̤̜͉̙͖͙̣̲̘̰͍̯͓̮͔͔̘̜̦̦͚̖͙̥͈̯̳̩̗͕͍͔̖̦̲͙͓͇͍͚̼̞̟͔̭̭̪̮̯͈̯̯͇̩̣̯̥̦͔̬̯̭̘̳̤͍̟͔͙̯̘̺̙̤̠̥̹̤̥̰͕͕̼̥͓͙̪̤̰͚̗͓̪͖͇̳̻̫͔̜͖̟̫͔̳̟͚͇͙̱̼̬̥̩̲̬̠̩̜͖͈̣̞̝̱̣̳̩͓̗̗͖̪̻͉̞̖̪̱͉̺͉̯̮̙̘̳̥̼͇̩̗̰̩̘̞͋̄̄̑̐̀͗̽͆̓̋̀̒̏́͂͌̑̈̎͌̀̈́̌̎̋̉́͑̈̀́͂͗́̃̋͛̇͂̽̓͆̌̇͗̈́̽̀͐̄̈́͐̓̆͛̑̃͆͛͑̍͌͗͐͐̆̏̏̀̾̾̓̌͑̄͗̀̾̑͆̈́̊̍̈̒͛͗̎̒͂͌̔̀̈̋͋̉̒̅̈́̈̄̏̀̇̄̉͊͆̃̂̆̓̈́̊͗͛̿̇͐̂͌̍̊̄͒͐̏̆̓̄̒̃̈̅̀͗̎̑̽́̉̅̔̿̌̈́̾̀̾̌̿̔͌͆̌̐̍̓̀̆͊̍̄͐̎͌̉̎̊̏̀̾͗͆̾̄̀̔̀̈́̊̓̆̄̐̋̒̉͌̋̊͋͗͌̓̓̑͊̉̐̓̐̀̈̏̄̒̋̒͐͐̿̀̓̿̀̅̊̀͗̒̽͋͗̆̋͑̈́̀̿͗̓̀̃̄̂̑̏̊̓̽̏̾̐̊̒͐̃͐̄͋̆̈́̅̌̉̂͊̐̀́̊̐̋̈͐̅̄̌̆͛̓͒̀̉͑͌̓̈̇͊̿́̈́̈͗̍̾̅͛͋̄͐̾̀̈͊̆̃̀́̂̓̃̊͐̅̋̈́̽̃̇͑̒̓͐̏͑́̾̇̃̈́̀͐͆̉̋̆̃̀̇̓̉́͆͋͆͂̿͒̀̒͌̋̽̌͂̊̃̓̐̽̇̃́͑̆̑̈̓͊̕̕̚͘̚̕̕̕̚̚̚͘͘̚͘̕̚̚̕̕̚̚̕͘͜͢͟͜͜͢͜͜͜͢͢͢͟͜͢͢͜͟͟͜͢͢͜͜͜͢͜͢͜͟͟͢͟͝͝͠͡͡͡͞͝͝͞͞͡͞͡͞͞͠͠͡͝͡͞͝͞͝͠͠͝͝͠͞͝͠͞͠͞͡͝ͅͅͅͅͅͅͅͅͅͅỈ̧̢̧̢̢̢̡̢̨̢̨̧̧̡̡̧̢̧̧̡̢̨̢̡̨̡̨̡̢̨̡̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛͎̙͙̭͍̟̙̭͈͍̬͎̜̤̼̩̫̗͙̣̪̻̠͚̼͙̝̞̳̹̝̯̩̘̺̖̲͚̲̱̥̟͕̦͕̹̥͚̝̖̭̻̱̣͍̭̭͈̖̼͖̻͍̼̟̦͙̯̥̗̮͍̲̠̝̬͉̟̘̰̗̞̬̰̦̬̫̫͖̗̙̭͎̖̼̣̥̜̯̱͓͇̫̯̥̭̠͔̪̰̥̣͚̖͇̻͎͈͚̞̼͙͎̖̯̺̣͉̗̤̭̦͙̙̼̙̣̬̖̥̙̮̭̖̟̲̝̺̙̳̹̥̦̹̤̳̺̺̗̹͉̺̪͎̝̱̠̫̟̩̫̫͈̞̞̖͖͎̣̳͔̮̯͕̭̠̠̮͔͍̫͈̰̠͙̖̙̜͈̯̖̯̮̮̬̮̻̬̩̺̺̹̳͔̯͇͓̝͎̤̪̗͎̼̙̞̹̟̖̭̦̞͙̯̬͈̘̟̠̖̙̻̣͎̼̯̖̻͇̱̮̤̜̯̩̮͈̯̫̱̮̟͔͎̜̞̫͇̦̗̝̞̟̲̮̖̰̙̜͕̟͕͇͔̬͖̙̻͚̮̺̪̫̩̻͙͇͕̗͈̫̘͔͈̦̖̲̜̪̺̹͎̓̔͒̋̃̋͗̂̋̀̏͋͐̐͋̾̒̇͊̏͊̾͊̂͒̊́̆̓̊͛͑̈́͆̇̊̊͊̀͆͗̿̉͌̅̐̍͗̂̀̄̑̿͛̀́͂̐͌̃̄͐̀́͗͌̊͂́̄̃͋̈́̅͆̈͊̇̎̔̏͂̂̍̈́̈́͊̈́͂̏̔̐̐̂̇̾͛̈̍̂͌̽̀̅͊̇͂͒̀̂̀̋͛̋͑͌̽̄̓̋͛̓̅̿͛͒̋̌̑̓̆̈̂̐̍́͌̂́̀̃̈́̌̐̒͆̾̃͑̋̋̏͋̏̈̒͛͂̐̅̄̀͋͐̑̓̒̃̃͑̅͗͊̃̓̓̐̒͂͂͐́̈́̅̃͆̓͑̍̾̄͗̅̉̂̈́̈́̃͛̑̒̋̓̏̓̐̊̔̃̍͐͐͆́͋͗͂͆͊͆̌͂̆̍̓̇̏̆̀̆́̔̏̓̃̈́͂̏̈́̿̽̒̓̃̄̀͆͊̎̽̓̅́̐́̽̒̔̒͐̽̆̉̋̿͂̂̉̾̈̍̅͐̋́̍̾͋̑̍͌͂̿͆̉͗̂̈́̇̽̆̆̂͛̔̀͐̇́̏̊̊̉̌̎̄͐̇̽̉͌͊̈̎͊̽͊͋̚̕̚͘̚̕̚̚͘̚̚̚͘͘̚̚͘͘̕̕͘̚͘͜͢͜͟͢͢͟͜͟͟͢͜͜͟͢͢͢͢͢͟͢͜͟͢͜͟͟͟͟͢͡͝͡͝͠͝͡͝͝͠͞͠͡͝͞͡͡͝͞͡͞͝͞͠͞͡͡͝͠͞͝͠͞ͅͅͅͅͅͅͅͅͅͅG̢̨̧̨̨̨̧̨̢̨̢̧̛̛̛̛̛̥̭̺̜̬̳̣̘̦̼͈͇͍̱̱͈̟̞̱̗̲̞͓̘͍̝̺̫͉͉͕̲͍͉͉͇̱̥̞̤̖͍̞̭̤̲̻͓͎̦̫͚̺̣̯͙̳͉͔̟̜̖̞̼̖̳̯̗̫̬̟̘͇̱̺̘̝̟̟̲̥̣̬̖͖͓̰̤̮̖̘̳̻̗̥̦̥̩̺͉̙̣̬͔͙̻̲̦͖͇̜͍͉̝̣̭̤̯͉̫̞̭̮̪̼͍̖̖̰̺͔͈̹͈͈̮͚̰͙͚͓̤̺͇̝͙̬̪̯̪̦̱̭̪̠͖̥̺̣͖̜̲̬̻̾͊̍̉͗̍͗̌̽͑̓͛́͐̽͋͑́͊̒̂͋͆͐̃͌̈̽͒̈̐̈͛̊̓͆̄͆͒͋̇̒̃̒̓́̓̎̊͆̉͊̌̍̅͑̔͌̍͂̈́͛͂̐̅͗́͑̊̇̊͒̈͑̉͋̾̐̏̉̐́̂̑͌̈́̄̀̆̊̓̇̔͛́̃̾̊́͐̌̑͋̒̄̉͋̓̔́̒͌͗̀͋̔̊̿́́͊͂̌̆͂̿́͊̅̓̄̒͌̎̈́͂̂́̂̑̑̇̐̀͛̈́̎͑͑̑͌̐̅̅͛̿̓̓͌͆͑̍̃̂͛̆̈̀͑̿̀̽͘̕̕͘͘̕̕͘͘̕͘͘͜͟͢͜͢͜͜͢͢͠͡͝͞͡͝͠͝ͅͅͅͅͅͅͅͅͅͅͅͅ
+6I want a s’more now
+6When a virus helps u
+6Lmao I highly doubt sp will die when ksp2 is released
+5You’ve never seen holographic mountains before? Smhmh
+5Where is wings? Why is it no ekranoplan
+5Noob!!!!!!!!!!!!!! cant even get 4332 zaxsdrfgthytgfrdecfvgbytrffdectgybcfetcfeb @SodiumIodide
+5That’s pointless why should I.
+5Extreme mountain tank biking.
+5O C E A N
+5It’s Pointless Why should i
+5Nice j-20
+5‘Ello Governor
+5